Alexander Friedmann

Cosmology Russia 1888 – 1925 103 quotes

Russian mathematician who derived the Friedmann equations for an expanding universe, predicting cosmic evolution mathematically.

Quotes by Alexander Friedmann

The universe is not static; it is expanding.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

There is no reason to assume that the universe is static.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The solutions of the equations of general relativity allow for an expanding universe.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe can be either expanding or contracting, but not static.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The idea of a static universe is an artificial construct.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

My work shows that the universe is dynamic.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The curvature of space is not necessarily constant.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe can have positive, negative, or zero curvature.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The density of matter determines the fate of the universe.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe may expand forever, or it may eventually collapse.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

My equations describe the evolution of the universe.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not eternal; it has a beginning and an end.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not infinite in time.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not infinite in space.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is a dynamic entity, constantly changing.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not a fixed stage, but an evolving drama.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

My models provide a framework for understanding the cosmos.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not a simple, static system.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is a complex and fascinating object of study.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922

The universe is not what we once thought it was.

Über die Krümmung des Raumes (On the Curvature of Space) 1922