Amartya Sen

Economics Indian 1933 370 quotes

Nobel laureate, capabilities approach to development

Quotes by Amartya Sen

Social justice requires not just equality of opportunity, but also attention to the actual capabilities people have to seize those opportunities.

The Idea of Justice

The 'standard of living' should be assessed not by income alone, but by the freedoms people enjoy.

Development as Freedom

The idea of a 'clash of civilizations' is a dangerous oversimplification of complex global interactions.

Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny

The state has a crucial role to play in ensuring basic capabilities for all citizens.

Development as Freedom

The pursuit of individual self-interest, without any ethical constraints, can lead to collective irrationality.

On Ethics and Economics

The 'missing women' phenomenon in some parts of the world is a stark indicator of gender inequality.

More Than 100 Million Women Are Missing 1990

The concept of 'utility' in economics is often too narrow to capture the richness of human well-being.

On Ethics and Economics

Freedom is not just an end, but also the principal means of development.

Development as Freedom 1999

The 'veil of ignorance' approach to justice is too abstract and ignores real-world injustices.

The Idea of Justice 2009

The 'economic man' is a social and ethical being, not just a maximizing machine.

On Ethics and Economics

The 'Washington Consensus' often overlooked the importance of social safety nets and public services.

Development as Freedom

The idea of a 'perfect' society is a dangerous illusion; we should focus on reducing manifest injustices.

The Idea of Justice 2009

The 'invisible hand' needs a visible hand of public policy to ensure equitable outcomes.

On Ethics and Economics

The 'capabilities approach' provides a more robust framework for assessing well-being than traditional income-based measures.

Development as Freedom

The 'tragedy of the commons' can be averted through collective action and social norms, not just privatization.

Collective Choice and Social Welfare

The 'rationality' of individuals is often influenced by their social and cultural context.

Rationality and Freedom

The 'economic growth first' approach to development often exacerbates inequalities.

Development as Freedom

The 'social choice theory' reveals the inherent difficulties in aggregating individual preferences into a collective decision.

Collective Choice and Social Welfare 1970

The 'paradox of voting' highlights the challenges of democratic decision-making.

Collective Choice and Social Welfare 1970

The 'moral sentiments' play a crucial role in economic behavior, often overlooked by standard economic models.

On Ethics and Economics