Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

The third chapter is on roots equal to numbers.

The fourth chapter is on squares and roots equal to numbers.

The fifth chapter is on squares and numbers equal to roots.

The sixth chapter is on roots and numbers equal to squares.

I have explained these six kinds of equations, and I have shown how to solve them.

I have also shown how to apply these equations to various problems, such as those concerning inheritance, trade, and surveying.

The science of algebra is a science that is very useful in all kinds of calculations.

It is a science that enables us to find unknown quantities by means of known quantities.

It is a science that is based on the principles of logic and reason.

I have written this book in a clear and concise style, so that it may be easily understood by all who wish to learn this science.

I have also included many examples and illustrations, so that the reader may be able to apply the principles of algebra to practical problems.

I pray to God that this book may be of benefit to all who read it.

The Hindus have invented a system of numbers that is very ingenious and very useful.

This system of numbers is based on the principle of place value, which means that the value of a digit depends on its position in the number.

This system of numbers also includes a symbol for zero, which is a very important innovation.

The use of zero makes it possible to represent any number, no matter how large or how small, with a limited number of digits.

I have written this book to explain the Hindu system of numbers and to show how it can be used for various calculations.

I have also included many examples and illustrations, so that the reader may be able to understand and apply this system of numbers.

I believe that this system of numbers will be of great benefit to all who use it.

The Earth is a sphere, and it is surrounded by the heavens.