Kurt Gödel

Mathematics Austrian-American 1906 – 1978 527 quotes

Proved incompleteness theorems transforming mathematical logic

Most quoted

"Any consistent formal system F within which a certain amount of elementary arithmetic can be carried out is incomplete; i.e., there are statements of the language of F which can neither be proved nor disproved in F."

— from On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems, 1931

"Either mathematics is incompletable in this sense, that its evident axioms can never be exhausted by a finite number of formal rules, or else there exist mathematical problems which are undecidable in principle."

— from On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems I, 1931

"The incompleteness theorems are a profound statement about the limits of formal systems and the indispensable role of human intuition and insight in mathematics."

— from On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems I, 1931

All quotes by Kurt Gödel (527)

God exists as a necessary being.

Ontological Proof 1970

Shortage of time is the main reason for my not having done more work.

Letter to a colleague 1965

I am convinced that the search for truth is the highest goal of human endeavor.

Personal reflection

Logic is the beginning of wisdom, not the end.

Speech

In mathematics, nothing is taken for granted; everything must be proven.

Lecture at Vienna 1930

The incompleteness theorem shows the limits of formalization.

Paper 1931

We cannot mechanize the creative process of mathematics.

Gibbs Lecture 1951

The mind is not a machine.

Some Basic Theorems 1951

Truth in mathematics transcends any formal system.

Philosophical note

Gödel numbering allows us to encode statements as numbers.

On Formally Undecidable Propositions 1931

The second incompleteness theorem applies to any system capable of expressing basic arithmetic.

On Formally Undecidable Propositions 1931

I believe in the reality of mathematical objects.

Interview

The continuum hypothesis is independent of the standard axioms.

Consistency paper 1940

Mathematics is discovered, not invented.

Personal belief

The limits of reason are the beginning of faith.

Philosophical reflection

Every consistent theory has consequences which are not provable within it.

Lecture 1934

Set theory is the foundation of mathematics.

Vienna Circle discussion 1930

Intuition plays a crucial role in mathematical discovery.

Essay

The universe is rational.

Personal reflection

Proofs are the currency of mathematics.

Lecture