Amedeo Avogadro

It is clear that the relative masses of the molecules are in the same ratio as the densities of the gases at the same temperature and pressure.

The hypothesis of equal volumes containing equal numbers of molecules is the only one that can reconcile the facts of chemical combination by volume with the known laws of physics.

Without this hypothesis, it would be impossible to explain the simple ratios of volumes observed in gaseous reactions.

The elementary molecules themselves are not necessarily indivisible, but are the smallest particles that exist in a free state in a given substance.

The distinction between elementary molecules and integral molecules is crucial for understanding chemical reactions.

My aim is to provide a more consistent and rational basis for the theory of chemical proportions.

The simplicity of the ratios of volumes in gaseous reactions is a strong argument in favor of my hypothesis.

The number of molecules in equal volumes of different gases, at the same temperature and pressure, is the same.

This principle, if admitted, will allow us to determine the relative masses of the elementary molecules.

The integral molecules of oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen are composed of two elementary molecules.

The integral molecules of compounds are formed by the union of elementary molecules in simple ratios.

My work provides a bridge between the physical properties of gases and their chemical composition.

The concept of molecularity is essential for a complete understanding of matter.

The laws of chemical combination by volume, as observed by Gay-Lussac, find their explanation in my hypothesis.

It is not sufficient to consider only the atoms; we must also consider the molecules.

The relative masses of the elementary molecules can be determined from the densities of the gases.

This hypothesis offers a simple and elegant solution to a complex problem.

I believe that this principle will be of great utility in the progress of chemistry.

The distinction between atoms and molecules is fundamental.

The simplicity of nature often reveals itself in the most profound principles.