Machiavelli — "War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope exc…"
War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope except in arms.
War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope except in arms.
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"There are three kinds of intellect: one which comprehends by itself; another that discerns what another comprehends; and a third which comprehends neither by itself nor by the showing of another."
"A prince who is not himself wise cannot be well advised."
"For of men it may generally be affirmed that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are entirely yours, offering you their blood, their property, their…"
"Men in general judge more by the sense of sight than by the sense of touch, because everyone can see but few can test by feeling."
"The vulgar are always taken by appearances and by the outcome of a thing; and in the world there are only the vulgar."
Florentine diplomat and political theorist whose The Prince (written 1513) became the founding text of political realism and gave us the adjective 'Machiavellian.' Closely associated with Francesco Guicciardini (fellow Florentine political analyst and historian). For an intellectual contrast, see Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch humanist and The Education of a Christian Prince author (1516) — Erasmus's princely-instruction manual was published three years after Machiavelli's, for the same European audience, and is the explicit Christian-virtue alternative to Machiavellian power-realism. The cleanest 'realism vs idealism' founding pairing in modern political theory.
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