Peter the Great — "A great city must have a great river."
A great city must have a great river.
A great city must have a great river.
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"My greatest weapon is my perseverance."
"A subordinate must present a dim-witted face before his superiors, so as not to confuse his superiors with his intelligence."
"The Russian spirit is strong, but it needs to be guided."
"I prefer to have 100,000 enemies abroad than one at home."
"I have left instructions for two things: to make Russia great, and to make myself a good Christian."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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