Peter the Great — "I have given Russia a window to Europe."
I have given Russia a window to Europe.
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More from Peter the Great
"I have cut off the beards of my boyars, but I cannot cut off their stubbornness."
"I have often told you that I am not a Tsar for myself, but for the state."
"I am a pupil and I need teachers."
"The more you beat me, the more I will love you."
"I have taken my country out of darkness and brought it into the light."
About Peter the Great (1672-1725)
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.