Erwin Schrodinger — "The world is not a machine, but a living organism."
The world is not a machine, but a living organism.
The world is not a machine, but a living organism.
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"The world is given to me only once, not one existing and one perceived. Subject and object are only one. The barrier between them cannot be said to have broken down as a result of recent experience in…"
"We are thus faced with the following dilemma: either the cells of the organism contain a highly efficient 'memory' for all the details of previous events, or they are, in some mysterious way, able to …"
"The human mind is capable of understanding the universe, but it is also capable of creating its own illusions."
"The fundamental laws of physics are statistical. They do not determine precisely what will happen, but only the probability of what will happen."
"The first thing to say is that of course I don't believe in the existence of 'my' cat, or 'your' cat, or 'the' cat. There is only one cat, which is the cat of the universe. And it's not even a cat, it…"
Austrian physicist who shared the 1933 Nobel for the wave equation that bears his name and the famous cat thought-experiment. Closely associated with Werner Heisenberg (matrix-mechanics rival who reached the same physics by different math) and Albert Einstein (his pen-pal on quantum interpretation). For an intellectual contrast, see Niels Bohr, Danish physicist and architect of the Copenhagen interpretation — Schrödinger's cat thought-experiment was specifically designed to ridicule Bohr's 'observer-dependent reality' reading of quantum mechanics — Schrödinger thought the Copenhagen interpretation was absurd; the cat was meant as reductio ad absurdum.
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Reality operates more like a living system than a mechanical device — interconnected, dynamic, and self-organizing rather than reducible to fixed gears and predictable outputs. Life and matter resist purely mechanical description; they exhibit wholeness, emergence, and qualities that defy simple cause-and-effect assembly. Understanding the universe requires frameworks that honor complexity, interdependence, and the irreducible nature of living processes.
Schrödinger's wave mechanics replaced the clockwork electron-as-particle with a probabilistic wave function — fundamentally anti-mechanistic. His 1944 book 'What Is Life?' applied physics to biology, arguing living organisms maintain order against entropy through quantum-level mechanisms. He believed consciousness and life demanded explanations beyond classical mechanics, bridging physics with philosophy and challenging reductionist materialism throughout his career.
In the early-to-mid 20th century, quantum mechanics dismantled classical Newtonian determinism, revealing nature as probabilistic and observer-dependent. Simultaneously, cybernetics, systems theory, and early molecular biology were emerging, questioning whether machines adequately modeled life. Post-WWII disillusionment with industrial-mechanistic thinking — having produced mass destruction — made organic, holistic worldviews intellectually and culturally compelling among scientists and philosophers alike.
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