Machiavelli — "War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope exc…"
War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope except in arms.
War is just when it is necessary; arms are permissible when there is no hope except in arms.
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"A man who is used to acting with caution, when circumstances require him to act with impetuosity, cannot change his nature."
"Therefore a prince, not being able to use this virtue of liberality in such a way that it may be recognized, except to his cost, a wise prince ought not to mind the reputation of being a miser."
"It is always necessary to take the lesser evil as good."
"He who is not strong enough to be a fox and a lion at the same time, will be ruined by either."
"Injuries ought to be done all at one time, so that, being tasted less, they offend less; benefits ought to be given little by little, so that the flavor of them may last longer."
Florentine diplomat and political theorist whose The Prince (written 1513) became the founding text of political realism and gave us the adjective 'Machiavellian.' Closely associated with Francesco Guicciardini (fellow Florentine political analyst and historian). For an intellectual contrast, see Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch humanist and The Education of a Christian Prince author (1516) — Erasmus's princely-instruction manual was published three years after Machiavelli's, for the same European audience, and is the explicit Christian-virtue alternative to Machiavellian power-realism. The cleanest 'realism vs idealism' founding pairing in modern political theory.
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