Werner Heisenberg

Quantum mechanics, uncertainty principle

Modern influential 61 sayings

Sayings by Werner Heisenberg

The reality we can put into words is never reality itself.

1960 — Philosophical musing on language and reality
Strange & Unusual Unverifiable

The path to paradise begins in hell.

1945 — Metaphorical reflection on progress
Strange & Unusual Unverifiable

Science is rooted in conversations.

1970 — On collaborative nature of scientific progress
Strange & Unusual Unverifiable

There are things that are so serious that you can only joke about them.

Mid 20th century — General philosophical observation on humor and seriousness.
Humorous Unverifiable

Only a few know, how much one must know to know how little one knows.

Mid 20th century — Reflecting on the limits of knowledge and expertise.
Humorous Unverifiable

The positivists have a simple solution: the world must be divided into that which we can say clearly and the rest, which we had better pass over in silence. But can anyone conceive of a more pointless philosophy, seeing that what we can say clearly amounts to next to nothing? If we omitted all that is unclear, we would probably be left completely uninteresting and trivial tautologies.

1958 — Critiquing positivist philosophy in 'Physics and Philosophy'.
Humorous Unverifiable

The problems of language here are really serious. We wish to speak in some way about the structure of the atoms. But we cannot speak about atoms in ordinary language.

1935 — Discussing the challenges of describing atomic structure
Controversial Confirmed

The path to the nucleus is easy to find, but the nucleus itself is hard to reach.

1938 — On the challenges of nuclear physics
Controversial Unverifiable

The uncertainty principle refers to the degree of indeterminateness in the possible present knowledge of the simultaneous values of various quantities with which the quantum theory deals.

1942 — Clarifying the uncertainty principle
Controversial Unverifiable

I don't believe a word of the whole thing they must have spent the whole of their £500. million in separating isotopes. and then it's possible.

August 1945 — His initial reaction upon hearing about the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, expressing disbelief at the…
Shocking Unverifiable

One can't say that one could equally well say that's the quickest way of ending the war.

August 1945 — A pragmatic, almost cold, assessment of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, suggesting it was a means t…
Shocking Unverifiable

We wouldn't have had the moral courage to recommend to the government in the spring of 1942 that they should employ 120,000 men just for building the thing up.

August 1945 (Farm Hall transcripts) — Reflecting on Germany's nuclear program, suggesting a lack of moral conviction or practical will to …
Shocking Unverifiable

You spoke in a manner that could only give me the firm impression that under your leadership everything was being done in Germany to develop atomic weapons.

1941 (recounted in Bohr's unsent letters from the early 1960s) — Niels Bohr's recollection of his 1941 meeting with Heisenberg in Nazi-occupied Denmark, contradictin…
Shocking Unverifiable

I would say that I was absolutely convinced of the possibility of our making a uranium engine. but I never thought that we would make a bomb. and at the bottom of my heart. I was really glad that it was to be an engine.

August 1945 (Farm Hall transcripts) — His personal feelings about the German nuclear program, distinguishing between a reactor ('engine') …
Shocking Unverifiable

Can nature possibly be so absurd as it seemed to us in these atomic experiments?

Around 1920 (recounted in 'Physics and Beyond') — Reflecting on discussions with Bohr about the counter-intuitive nature of quantum mechanics.
Shocking Unverifiable

I am firmly convinced that we must never judge political movements by their aims, no matter how loudly proclaimed or how sincerely upheld, but only by the means they use to realize these aims.

Unknown, likely after WWII — A statement on political philosophy, potentially controversial given his own actions during the Nazi…
Shocking Unverifiable

There is a fundamental error in separating the parts from the whole, the mistake of atomizing what should not be atomized. Unity and complementarity constitute reality.

Likely in conversations leading to the 1986 book, but conversations over many years — From a discussion about Ruth Anshen's book 'Biography of An Idea', reflecting his holistic philosoph…
Shocking Unverifiable

It is not surprising that our language should be incapable of describing the processes occurring within the atoms, for, as has been remarked, it was invented to describe the experiences of daily life, and these consists only of processes involving exceedingly large numbers of atoms.

1952 — From 'Philosophic Problems of Nuclear Science', reflecting on the limitations of language in quantum…
Shocking Confirmed

Physics does not consist only of atomic research, science does not consist only of physics, and life does not consist only of science. The aim of atomic research is to fit our empirical knowledge concerning it into our other thinking.

Unknown — His perspective on the broader context of scientific inquiry and its place in life.
Shocking Unverifiable

When I meet God, I am going to ask him two questions: Why relativity? And why turbulence? I really believe he will have an answer for the first.

Unknown — A humorous yet profound statement on the enduring challenges in physics.
Shocking Unverifiable