Alexander Fleming

Biology Scottish 1881 – 1955 352 quotes

Discovered penicillin, launching the antibiotic era

Quotes by Alexander Fleming

Teaching is as vital as discovering.

Speech

Resistance to drugs is nature's revenge.

Book 1946

A good scientist questions everything.

Interview

My life was shaped by the microscope.

Autobiographical note

Innovation comes from curiosity, not compulsion.

Speech

Penicillin proved that miracles can be scientific.

Nobel Lecture 1945

In war, medicine becomes a weapon of peace.

Letter 1940

The lab taught me more about life than any book.

Personal reflection

Bacteria evolve faster than our understanding.

Paper 1935

Happiness is a clean culture plate.

Witty remark

Discovery requires both luck and labor.

Interview

The future of medicine lies in microbiology.

Lecture 1925

I am a servant of science, not its master.

Speech

Every experiment is a step toward truth.

Personal reflection

Penicillin's legacy is shared with humanity.

Interview 1955

Observe nature, and she will reveal her secrets.

Speech

Science without ethics is dangerous.

Letter

My last words? Keep discovering.

Deathbed 1955

It has been said that I was lucky. Well, maybe I was. Maybe I was lucky to have a dirty laboratory. Maybe I was lucky to have a window open. Maybe I was lucky to have a spore of Penicillium notatum float in.

Attributed

The story of penicillin has a certain dramatic interest, in that it was discovered by accident, and its development was due to the collaboration of a number of workers in different countries.

Nobel Lecture: Penicillin 1945