Peter the Great — "God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state."
God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state.
God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state.
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"I am a Dutchman in my heart."
"The more a person knows, the more he understands how little he knows."
"I am a Tsar, but I need to learn to build ships."
"A great city must have a great river."
"It is better to be feared than loved, if one cannot be both."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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