Peter the Great — "I am a Dutchman in my heart."
I am a Dutchman in my heart.
I am a Dutchman in my heart.
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"I shall cut a window through to Europe."
"Do not be afraid to make mistakes. Be afraid of not learning from them."
"We must not only work with our hands, but with our heads."
"The greatest glory consists not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall."
"The beard is an unnecessary appendage."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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