Arthur Schopenhauer — "It is a clear gain to sacrifice pleasure in order to avoid pain."
It is a clear gain to sacrifice pleasure in order to avoid pain.
It is a clear gain to sacrifice pleasure in order to avoid pain.
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"Human life is a business that does not pay its expenses."
"Women are the causa causorum of all human misery."
"It is because women's reasoning powers are weaker that they show more sympathy for the unfortunate than men, and consequently take a kindlier interest in them. On the other hand, women are inferior to…"
"She pays the debt of life not by what she does but by what she suffers—by the pains of child-bearing, care for the child, and by subjection to man, to whom she should be a patient and cheerful compani…"
"Optimism, where it is not merely the thoughtless chatter of fools, is not only a absurd doctrine, but also a truly wicked way of thinking, a bitter mockery of the unspeakable sufferings of humanity."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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