Marquis de Sade — "Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains."
Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.
Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.
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"There is nothing more delicious to see or do. I refer to both: for it is just as pleasant to spy upon someone as to want to be observed."
"My manner of thinking, so you say, cannot be approved. Do you suppose I care? A poor fool indeed is he who adopts a manner of thinking for others!"
"Not my manner of thinking but the manner of thinking of others has been the source of my unhappiness."
"The only true morality is to live according to one's own desires."
"The universe is a chaos of matter and motion, without any intelligent principle."
French aristocrat-libertine whose name became 'sadism' and whose novels test the limits of Enlightenment liberalism's 'do as you will' axiom. Closely associated with Pierre Choderlos de Laclos (Les Liaisons dangereuses author). For an intellectual contrast, see Immanuel Kant, German Enlightenment philosopher of the categorical imperative — Sade and Kant published in the same decades; Kant's 'treat others as ends, never means' is the systematic ethical opposite of Sade's libertine instrumentalism — the two roads philosophy took out of Enlightenment freedom.
The standard scholarly entry points to Marquis de Sade's work: Maurice Blanchot (French literary critic) — Lautréamont and Sade (1949); Jacques Lacan (École freudienne de Paris) — Kant with Sade (1963 essay); Camille Paglia (University of the Arts Philadelphia) — Sexual Personae (1990) — extensive Sade chapters. These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Marquis de Sade.
Uncertain, often misattributed to Rousseau, but Sade used similar sentiments.
Date: Uncertain
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