Peter the Great — "I shall cut a window through to Europe."
I shall cut a window through to Europe.
I shall cut a window through to Europe.
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"I have not been able to find a single good general; I must be my own."
"I desire no fatigues, but only inclination, which even sickness itself cannot hinder."
"It is not the number of soldiers, but the skill of the generals that determines victory."
"The more I see of other countries, the more I love my own."
"I am a reformer, not a destroyer."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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