Arthur Schopenhauer — "Optimism is a truly wicked way of thinking."
Optimism is a truly wicked way of thinking.
Optimism is a truly wicked way of thinking.
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"A completely truthful woman who does not practice dissimulation is perhaps an impossibility."
"It is only at the first encounter that a face makes its full impression on us."
"The life of an individual is a constant struggle, and not merely a metaphorical one against want or boredom, but also an actual struggle against other people."
"The greatest pleasure of life is love."
"Just remember, once you're over the hill you begin to pick up speed."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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