Simone de Beauvoir — "The most beautiful thing in the world is to be free."
The most beautiful thing in the world is to be free.
The most beautiful thing in the world is to be free.
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"I am a woman, I am a writer, I am a Communist, I am an atheist."
"To exist is to be responsible for one's own existence."
"I know of no other experience more thrilling than to be at the heart of a debate, to be part of the current of ideas."
"The world is not given, it is made."
"Change your life today. Don't gamble on the future, act now, without delay."
French existentialist philosopher whose The Second Sex (1949) is the foundational text of modern feminist theory. Closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre (lifetime partner and existentialist co-founder) and Albert Camus (existentialist contemporary in Paris). For an intellectual contrast, see Camille Paglia, American cultural critic and Sexual Personae author — Paglia argues for biological-essentialist roots of gender that Beauvoir's social-construction view — 'one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman' — explicitly rejects. The two are the cleanest constructed-vs-essentialist poles in feminist theory.
The standard scholarly entry points to Simone de Beauvoir's work: Toril Moi (Duke, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor) — Simone de Beauvoir: The Making of an Intellectual Woman (1994); Margaret A. Simons (Southern Illinois University, Emerita) — Beauvoir and The Second Sex (1999); Kate Kirkpatrick (Oxford, Regent's Park College) — Becoming Beauvoir: A Life (2019). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Simone de Beauvoir.
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