Simone de Beauvoir — "I have always been aware that I am a woman, and that this is a disadvantage."
I have always been aware that I am a woman, and that this is a disadvantage.
I have always been aware that I am a woman, and that this is a disadvantage.
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"The only way to be truly free is to accept the responsibility of one's own freedom."
"Freedom is what you do with what's been done to you."
"The meaning of life is not to be found in some transcendent realm, but in our concrete existence."
"I am incapable of conceiving infinity, and yet I do not accept finity."
"The great advantage of the present-day bourgeoisie is to possess no moral, no ideal, no religion, no God, no sacred values."
French existentialist philosopher whose The Second Sex (1949) is the foundational text of modern feminist theory. Closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre (lifetime partner and existentialist co-founder) and Albert Camus (existentialist contemporary in Paris). For an intellectual contrast, see Camille Paglia, American cultural critic and Sexual Personae author — Paglia argues for biological-essentialist roots of gender that Beauvoir's social-construction view — 'one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman' — explicitly rejects. The two are the cleanest constructed-vs-essentialist poles in feminist theory.
The standard scholarly entry points to Simone de Beauvoir's work: Toril Moi (Duke, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor) — Simone de Beauvoir: The Making of an Intellectual Woman (1994); Margaret A. Simons (Southern Illinois University, Emerita) — Beauvoir and The Second Sex (1999); Kate Kirkpatrick (Oxford, Regent's Park College) — Becoming Beauvoir: A Life (2019). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Simone de Beauvoir.
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