Peter the Great — "I have reformed my people, and now I must reform myself."
I have reformed my people, and now I must reform myself.
I have reformed my people, and now I must reform myself.
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"He who is afraid of death will never do anything great."
"That gentleman seems to be much dissatisfied with his tailor."
"Why do you come to me? Go to the Senate; they make the laws."
"I have given Russia a window to Europe."
"The beard is a superfluous ornament."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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