Arthur Schopenhauer — "The more perfect a thing is, the more it is subject to suffering."
The more perfect a thing is, the more it is subject to suffering.
The more perfect a thing is, the more it is subject to suffering.
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"The only original philosophical thought possible is the one that starts from the fact of suffering."
"The pleasure of life is fleeting; the pain of life is lasting."
"Human life, when viewed in its entirety, is a tragedy; but in its details it has the character of a comedy."
"The more we have, the more we want."
"The pleasure of reading a book is heightened by the knowledge that it is not a new book."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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