Arthur Schopenhauer — "The only way to escape the suffering of life is to commit suicide."
The only way to escape the suffering of life is to commit suicide.
The only way to escape the suffering of life is to commit suicide.
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"Life is a pendulum swinging between pain and boredom."
"If we were not all so pitifully and ridiculously constituted, we should be ashamed to be alive."
"Women are the causa causorum of all human misery."
"The intellect is a mere tool in the service of the will."
"The world is my representation."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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