Arthur Schopenhauer — "The value of a man is measured by the extent to which he is willing to submit to…"
The value of a man is measured by the extent to which he is willing to submit to the yoke of suffering.
The value of a man is measured by the extent to which he is willing to submit to the yoke of suffering.
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"The more intelligent a man is, the more he suffers."
"The more a man is a man, the less he is a woman."
"The chief source of man's unhappiness is that he does not know how to stay quietly in his room."
"The truest philosophy is to learn to live with what is."
"The greatest happiness for man is to escape the necessity of being born."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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