Peter the Great — "I will open a window to Europe."
I will open a window to Europe.
I will open a window to Europe.
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"That gentleman seems to be much dissatisfied with his tailor."
"I have been a carpenter, a sailor, a soldier; I shall die an emperor."
"I have tamed the bear, but I cannot tame my own passions."
"I am a monarch, but I am also a man."
"As for the peasants, let a toll of two half-copecks per beard be collected at the town gates each time they enter or leave a town; and do not let the peasants pass the town gates, into or out of town,…"
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
Famously said regarding his ambition to connect Russia with Western Europe, often linked to the founding of St. Petersburg.
Date: Early 18th century
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