Peter the Great — "God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state."
God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state.
God is my witness, I have done everything for the good of the state.
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"The more I learn, the more I realize how much I don't know."
"I am not afraid of the devil himself, but I am afraid of a fool."
"I am a sovereign and I will answer to no one for my actions."
"The clergy is a different body, but the state is the same."
"I have never been afraid to get my hands dirty."
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.
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