Peter the Great — "I have given Russia a window to Europe."
I have given Russia a window to Europe.
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More from Peter the Great
"I have undertaken to reform my people, and I am not afraid of anyone."
"The clergy is a different body, but the state is the same."
"I have no fear of consequences, only of inaction."
"We need not only to learn, but also to teach others."
"I have built a city on a swamp, and I will make it a paradise."
About Peter the Great (1672-1725)
Russian tsar (1682-1725) who Westernized Russia, founded St. Petersburg, and built Russia into a European great power. Closely associated with Catherine the Great (later Westernizing Russian empress). For an intellectual contrast, see Old Believers, Russian Orthodox traditionalist movement that rejected Patriarch Nikon's reforms and Peter's modernization — Peter's beard-shaving decrees, Western dress laws, and calendar changes triggered a religious-cultural schism — the founding poles of Russia's eternal 'European modernity vs Slavic tradition' debate that runs through Slavophiles, Solzhenitsyn, and contemporary Putin-era ideology.