Vladimir Lenin — "The advanced detachment of the proletariat is a vanguard that is capable of lead…"
The advanced detachment of the proletariat is a vanguard that is capable of leading the entire mass of the working people, and not merely of pushing them forward.
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Russian revolutionary who led the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution and founded the Soviet state; What Is to Be Done? (1902) shaped 20th-century revolutionary practice.
Closely associated with
Leon Trotsky (his Red Army organizer and 1917 partner) and Karl Marx (the source Lenin claimed (and adapted)).
For an intellectual contrast, see
Karl Popper, Austrian-British philosopher — Popper's The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945) systematically attacked Marx-and-Lenin 'historical inevitability' as the philosophical structure that produces totalitarianism — Lenin's vanguard-party doctrine is Popper's primary 20th-century target.