Arthur Schopenhauer — "The only way to be happy is to be unhappy."
The only way to be happy is to be unhappy.
The only way to be happy is to be unhappy.
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"The shortness of life, so often lamented, may be the best thing about it."
"The greatest possible value of life is zero."
"All religions are born of fear and are the children of darkness."
"The existence of evil is a proof that God is not omnipotent, or not benevolent, or both."
"It is natural for a feeling of mere indifference to exist between men, but between women it is actual enmity."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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