Machiavelli — "The vulgar are always taken by appearances and by the outcome of a thing; and in…"
The vulgar are always taken by appearances and by the outcome of a thing; and in the world there are only the vulgar.
The vulgar are always taken by appearances and by the outcome of a thing; and in the world there are only the vulgar.
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"A prince must have no other object, no other thought, nor take anything else for his art, but war and its orders and discipline."
"The lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. One must therefore be a fox to recognize traps, and a lion to frighten wolves."
"If a prince wants to keep his state, he must learn how to be not good, and to use or not use this according to the necessity."
"It is not reason but necessity that makes men humble."
"There are three kinds of intellects: one understands things by itself, the other discerns what others understand, and the third understands neither by itself nor through others. The first is excellent…"
Florentine diplomat and political theorist whose The Prince (written 1513) became the founding text of political realism and gave us the adjective 'Machiavellian.' Closely associated with Francesco Guicciardini (fellow Florentine political analyst and historian). For an intellectual contrast, see Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch humanist and The Education of a Christian Prince author (1516) — Erasmus's princely-instruction manual was published three years after Machiavelli's, for the same European audience, and is the explicit Christian-virtue alternative to Machiavellian power-realism. The cleanest 'realism vs idealism' founding pairing in modern political theory.
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