Machiavelli — "And it ought to be remembered that there is nothing more difficult to take in ha…"
And it ought to be remembered that there is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things.
— Machiavelli
Early Modern
· The Prince, political philosophy
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Florentine diplomat and political theorist whose The Prince (written 1513) became the founding text of political realism and gave us the adjective 'Machiavellian.'
Closely associated with
Francesco Guicciardini (fellow Florentine political analyst and historian).
For an intellectual contrast, see
Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch humanist and The Education of a Christian Prince author (1516) — Erasmus's princely-instruction manual was published three years after Machiavelli's, for the same European audience, and is the explicit Christian-virtue alternative to Machiavellian power-realism. The cleanest 'realism vs idealism' founding pairing in modern political theory.
Details
The Prince, Chapter VI: Concerning New Principalities Which Are Acquired by One's Own Arms and Ability