Burn down their synagogues, forbid all that I enumerated earlier, force them to work, and deal with them with utmost severity, as Moses did in the wilderness, when he slew three thousand... for if we do not, we are partners in their sins.
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"The stomach alone is not to be trusted. It is a rebel."
"Devil, if you want to eat me, start from behind."
"I would have been a saint if I had remained in the monastery, but I was forced to become a devil."
"The more a man is skilled in the Scriptures, the more he is tempted."
"The greatest gift of God is a pious, cheerful, God-fearing, home-loving wife, to whom you can entrust your property, and your children, and your all."
German theologian whose 95 Theses (1517) launched the Protestant Reformation and broke the Catholic Church's monopoly on Western Christianity. Closely associated with Philipp Melanchthon (Lutheran systematizer) and John Calvin (later Reformer who built on Luther's break). For an intellectual contrast, see Pope Leo X, Renaissance pope (1513-1521) — Leo X's indulgence sales triggered Luther's break and Leo excommunicated him in 1521 — Luther's entire Reformation is structured as a direct answer to the indulgence-funded Vatican Leo represented.
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This passage calls for violent, state-enforced persecution of Jewish people: destroying their places of worship, banning their religious practices, forcing them into hard labor, and punishing them harshly. The speaker invokes a biblical massacre as justification, arguing that failing to take such brutal action makes bystanders morally complicit in what he frames as Jewish wrongdoing. It is an explicit incitement to collective punishment grounded in religious rationalization.
Luther wrote this in his 1543 treatise On the Jews and Their Lies, late in life after Jewish communities rejected his expectation that Reformation theology would convert them. Though celebrated for challenging papal authority and translating the Bible into German, Luther's antisemitic writings became a darker part of his legacy, later weaponized by Nazi propagandists. It reveals how his combative polemical style extended beyond Rome to religious minorities.
Early modern Europe was convulsed by the Reformation Luther launched in 1517, fracturing Western Christianity and fueling confessional violence. Jewish communities lived precariously under expulsion edicts, ghettoization, and blood libel accusations across German lands. Religious identity was inseparable from political authority, and dissent was often met with force. Luther's 1543 tract appeared as aging reformers hardened positions, and German princes increasingly used his writings to justify expelling Jews from their territories.
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