Arthur Schopenhauer — "Happiness is merely the absence of pain."
Happiness is merely the absence of pain.
Happiness is merely the absence of pain.
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"The greatest error of all is to try to be happy."
"One need only look at a woman's shape to discover that she is not intended for either too much mental or too much physical work. Women are directly adapted to act as the nurses and educators of our ea…"
"The safest way of not being very miserable is not to expect to be very happy."
"Man is the only animal that causes pain to others for the mere pleasure of doing it."
"The brain is a parasite of the organism."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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