Arthur Schopenhauer — "The world is my representation."
The world is my representation.
The world is my representation.
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"Women are suited to being the nurses and teachers of our earliest childhood precisely because they themselves are childish, silly, and short-sighted."
"Hope is the dream of a waking man."
"One day, we shall all be ashes."
"The world is hell, and men are on the one hand the tormented souls and on the other the devils in it."
"It is a clear gain to sacrifice pleasure in order to avoid pain."
German philosopher of pessimism whose The World as Will and Representation (1819) defined the suffering-and-renunciation tradition. Closely associated with Immanuel Kant (the system Schopenhauer built on and revised). For an intellectual contrast, see G.W.F. Hegel, German Idealist of the rational unfolding of Spirit — Schopenhauer scheduled his Berlin lectures opposite Hegel's and spent decades attacking Hegel's optimistic system as deliberately mystifying nonsense — the foundational rivalry of 19th-century German philosophy.
The standard scholarly entry points to Arthur Schopenhauer's work: Bryan Magee (Oxford, populariser-philosopher) — The Philosophy of Schopenhauer (1983); Christopher Janaway (Southampton, Schopenhauer specialist) — Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989); David E. Cartwright (Wisconsin–Whitewater) — Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010). These are the works graduate seminars cite when teaching Arthur Schopenhauer.
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