Mahavira — "One who knows himself, knows God."
One who knows himself, knows God.
One who knows himself, knows God.
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"The path to liberation is difficult, but it is the only path to true happiness."
"Look at the birds, how they live in the present, with no thought for the morrow."
"He who neglects the present moment, loses both future and past."
"The world is full of illusion, and the truth is hidden."
"A wise man should abstain from killing any living being."
24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism, whose teachings of strict ahimsa (non-violence), aparigraha (non-attachment), and karma reshaped ancient Indian religion. Closely associated with The Buddha (near-contemporary moral revolutionary, also reacting against Vedic ritualism). For an intellectual contrast, see Vedic Brahmanical ritual sacrifice, the animal-sacrifice-centered Vedic religion of his era — Mahavira's ahimsa demanded total non-violence, including not eating root vegetables that kill the plant — a maximum-distance ethical move from the Vedic priestly tradition that ritually sacrificed cattle and horses. The two cleanest poles of ancient Indian religious ethics.
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Self-knowledge is the ultimate spiritual attainment — understanding your own consciousness, motivations, and nature leads directly to understanding the divine. The divine isn't a separate external force requiring priestly mediation; it's accessed through rigorous inner examination. This collapses the distance between human and sacred: when you fully know what you are — your soul stripped of illusion — you arrive at the same understanding that defines enlightenment or God-consciousness.
Mahavira spent 12 years in silent, solitary asceticism — no possessions, no shelter, enduring physical extremes — engaged in pure self-examination before achieving kevala jnana (omniscience). Jainism centers on the soul (jiva): liberation comes not from worshipping external gods but from purifying one's own consciousness. Mahavira himself was the proof of this teaching — through knowing himself completely, he became a Tirthankara, the perfected divine being Jains revere.
In 6th-century BCE India, Brahmanical priests monopolized access to the divine through elaborate Vedic rituals and sacrifices — ordinary people depended on external intermediaries to reach the gods. Mahavira emerged during the Shramana movement alongside the Buddha, both rejecting priestly authority and external ritual. The Upanishads were simultaneously asking 'Who am I?' This quote was radical: it claimed every individual's own consciousness, not hereditary priests or temple offerings, was the direct path to the sacred.
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